RMD Calculator — Required Minimum Distribution

RMD age is now 73 (SECURE 2.0 Act). Your first RMD must be taken by April 1st of the year after you turn 73. If you delay, you have until April 1st (by law), but your annual RMD is still due by December 31st each subsequent year.

RMD = (IRA/401k balance on Dec 31 of prior year) ÷ (Life Expectancy Factor from IRS tables). The IRS provides life expectancy tables based on your age. This calculator uses the Uniform Lifetime Table, the most common for most account holders.

Yes. The RMD is a minimum—you can withdraw more. Excess withdrawals don't count toward next year's RMD. Many people withdraw more to minimize taxes or for cash needs. But you must withdraw at least the RMD amount.

Severe penalty. If you don't withdraw your full RMD by December 31st, the IRS penalizes you 25% of the shortfall (reduced to 10% if corrected within 2 years). Example: $10,000 RMD not taken = $2,500 penalty ($5,000 with correction period).

Roth IRAs don't have RMDs during your lifetime. Traditional IRA to Roth conversion rolls funds to a Roth (and is taxable that year). However, this is complex—consult a tax advisor. Strategic conversions can reduce future RMDs.

RMDs are ordinary income. If your IRA is all pre-tax contributions, 100% is taxable. If your IRA has after-tax contributions (basis), a pro-rata portion is non-taxable. This can impact your tax bracket. Work with a CPA on tax planning.